Darkei Francisco da Silva

This dissertation has as its objective identify which changes occurred with regard to the population Ilheus, which was transferred from Parque Nacional de Ilha Grande to the rural area in Ilha Grande, situated in the town of Vila Alta - State of Parana. The main discussion of this resettlement occurs via Law number 9985 dated July 18th, 2000, which establishes the SNUC (National System of Conservation Units) and prohibits the permanency of traditional populations in Integral Protect-ion Areas, and which makes the resettlement necessary as well as the conduction of indemnifying processes of the involved populations. Thus, the people living in Parque Nacional should be transferred to another territorial space. Simultaneously to the necessity of this resettlement, Project Parana 12 Months appeared, via local government, the project containing a subprogram called Rural Villas. Such a program has the objective of settling the worker in his own environment as a solution of housing and maintenance, associated with the search of wage alternatives for the small rural owners. In this context, the question that arises is the following: is it possible that the resettlement resulted in changes (iimprovements) in social, economic and environmental aspects for this population? If, on one hand, the existing scientific studies worry about analyzing the populations living in the interior of the conservation units, the proposal of such a work is original since its objective refers to identifying results about the families analyzed when they were resettled. However, through two surveys conducted in May 2000 and June 2002, it was possible to identify the existence of two populations having distinct origins which form the Rural Villa, that is,besides the Ilheus from Parque Nacional, another population which came from the outskirts of the town of Vila Alta, joined the program Rural Villas. As a result, the changes that occurred over the population non-Ilheus, after its transference to the Rural Villa, were looked at and analyzed in this work. In this way, in the attempt to answer to the question whether or not there was improvement in the quality of life of the village Ilheus and non-Ilheus after two  years of the villa's installation, it can be said that there is not only one answer, for when the social and environmental aspects are taken into account, it is possible to realize positive alterations among the village families, and on the other hand, when the economic aspects are considered, the situation becomes at least preoccupying. Nevertheless, one can conclude that the Program of Rural Villas does not serve the expectations of resettlement of the Ilheus population.