Valério Zago Marassi

This dissertation studies which were the instruments used to foment the process of Brazilian industrialization, verifying its theoretical underpinnings. To do so, the first chapter is a survey of theoretical arguments (favorable and against) on industrial policy as a tool for development fostering, which are put forth by intervention scholars. The second chapter overviews the instruments used by the government during the Brazilian industrialization process, covering the period between 1889 and 1994. In the third chapter the same methodology was applied, analyzing mainly the industrial policy during the Fernando Henrique Cardoso two presidencies (1994-2002), verifying whether there was or there was not a schism with the traditional instruments used in the previous period of Brazilian industrialization. The results suggests that there was a certain change in the orientation of industrial policy adopted in the last period but, even so, the industrial policy lastly adopted was also driven by the requirements of balance of payments liquidity, that is to say, there was not in any moment, deliberately industrializing  policies, not focusing on avoid external deficits, but it was always oriented to achieve commercial surpluses.